HPAI can be recognized by the high mortality rate in affected flocks as well as by the clinical signs. Characteristic necropsy lesions, listed in the table below, also can help make the diagnosis.
Chickens:
1. Lesions may be absent in young birds and birds that die from peracute disease
2. Severe congestion of musculature
3. Severe congestion of conjunctivae, sometimes with petechiae
4. Excessive mucous exudates in lumen of trachea
5. Severe hemorrhagic tracheitis
6. Petechiae on inside of sternum
7. Petechiae on serosal and abdominal fat and in body cavity
8. Severe kidney congestion, sometimes with urate deposits in tubules
9. Hemorrhages on mucosal surface of proventriculus, especially at juncture with gizzard
10. Hemorrhages and erosions of gizzard lining
11. Hemorrhagic foci on lymphoid tissues in intestinal mucosa
12. Ovary may be hemorrhagic or degenerated with darkened areas of necrosis
13. Peritoneal cavity often filled with yolk from ruptured ova
Turkeys:
Lesions similar to those in chickens but may not be as severe
Domestic ducks:
Lesions may be similar to those seen in chickens though not as marked, or they may be absent altogether
Free Ask Question:
1. Definition of Avian Influenza?
2. Agent?
3. Hosts?
4. Transmission?
5. Key Outbreaks of HPAI in Domestic Avian Populations?
6. Current Status of H5N1 in Asia?
7. HPAI As a Biological Weapon?
10. Laboratory Diagnosis?
11. Treatment?
12. Prevention?
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